Traditional method of proofreading

A proof is a typeset version of copy or a manuscript page. They often contain typos introduced through human error. Traditionally, a proofreader looks at an increment of text on the copy and then compares it to the corresponding typeset increment, and then marks any errors (sometimes called line edits) using standard proofreaders' marks. Thus a proofreader works directly from two sets of text at the same time. The proof is then returned to the typesetter or graphic artist for correction. Correction-cycle proofs will typically have one descriptive term, such as bounce, bump, or revise unique to the department or organization and used for clarity to the strict exclusion of any other. It is a common practice for all such corrections, no matter how slight, to be sent again to a proofreader to be checked and initialed, thus establishing the principle of consistent accuracy for proofreaders. Since proofreaders and typesetters work from the same copy and within the same deadline, obtaining consistent accuracy is the central challenge facing proofreaders and their managers.

The basic model of proofreading involves one person reading each proof once, followed by correction cycles. However, given the variables of language, formatting, and typography that exist on a page of text or art, there is no reason to expect that one person reading a series of such proofs once each under deadline will always find all the errors in them. To ensure consistent accuracy, a proofreader working alone must programmatically re-read all proofs. Re-reading will always be found to be necessary for a random number of them. But re-reading obviously doubles the workload and time required, and conditions don't always allow for this. Usually where this is the case, proofreader compensation matches the lower practical level of responsibility.

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